Composition of CNC lathe

1. Process uses of CNC lathes

CNC lathes are mainly used for turning of various rotary surfaces. In the CNC lathe can be carried out inside and outside the cylindrical surface, conical surface, molding rotary surface, threaded surface, high-precision curved surface and the end of the thread processing. The tools used on CNC lathes include turning tools, drills, knives, cutters and threading tools and other hole processing tools. CNC lathe processing parts of the dimensional accuracy of up to IT5 ~ IT6, surface roughness Ra value of up to 0.4um below.

2. Composition of CNC lathe

CNC lathe is generally composed of input and output devices, computer numerical control device, programmable logic controller (PLC), servo unit drive device, measuring device and machine tool host, etc., 

A. Operation panel

Operation, it is the operator and the CNC device for the exchange of information tools, CNC machine tools, unique components, by the button station, status lights, key arrays (the same function as the computer keyboard) and the display.

B. Input and output devices

The input and output devices are the devices that the CNC (Computer Numerical Control) system interacts with external devices. The information to be interacted with is usually the part machining program. This means that a program for machining a part that has been prepared and recorded on a control medium is fed into the CNC system, or a program for machining a part that has been debugged is stored or recorded on the corresponding control medium via the output device.

C. CNC device (CNC unit)

(1) Composition of the computer system, position control board, PLC interface board, communication interface board, special function modules and the corresponding control software.

(2) Role According to the input parts processing program for the corresponding processing (such as motion trajectory processing, machine output processing, etc.), and then output control commands to the corresponding executive components (servo units, drives and PLC, etc.), all of which is coordinated by the CNC device hardware and software, rational organization, so that the entire system is organized and work in an orderly manner T. CNC device is the core of the CNC system. The CNC unit is the core of the CNC system.

D. Servo Unit, Drive Unit and Measuring Unit

(1) Composition, servo unit, drive device includes, spindle service drive device and spindle motor, feed servo drive device and feed motor. Measuring device includes: position and speed measuring device to realize the closed-loop control of feed servo system.

(2) Function: Ensure sensitive and accurate tracking of CNC device commands.

E. PLC, machine I/O circuits and devices

(1) Composition

1. PLC (Programmable Logic Controller): Used to complete I/O control of sequential actions related to logic operations, it consists of hardware and software.

2. Machine I/0 Circuit and Device: The execution parts for realizing I/O control (logic circuits composed of relays, solenoid valves, travel switches, contactors, etc.).

(2) Function

1. Accepts M, S, and T commands from CNC, decodes and converts them into corresponding control signals, and controls auxiliary devices to complete the corresponding switching action of the machine tool.

2. Accepts I/0 signals from the operation panel and the machine side, sends them to the CNC unit, and after processing, outputs commands to control the operating status of the CNC system and machine movements.

F. Machine tool main unit

(1) Composition It consists of main motion parts, feed motion parts (table, drag plate, and corresponding transmission mechanism), support parts (column, bed, etc.), and special devices (automatic tool exchange system, automatic workpiece exchange system) and auxiliary devices (e.g., chip removal device, etc.).

(2) Role The main body of the CNC machine tool is the execution part that realizes manufacturing and processing.